FCE Use of English Part 2, Dolphins and sharks

Answers and explanations

9. On. To prey on something (or somebody) means to hunt on it for food. Can sometimes be used figuratively – meaning ‘to benefit from somebody in a violent or parasitic way’.
10. However. We need an introductory word to show contrast – we know this thanks to the second part of this short sentence.
11. As. A more technical phrase, ‘to refer to something AS something’ basically gives the name of the thing. For example, people who work too hard are often referred to as workaholics.
12. Their. If you do something on your own, you do it without anyone else. Note the plural form – the sentence is about sharks in plural. Choosing ‘your’ would be a mistake.
13. Whereas/While. We can use both conjunctions to focus on the difference in dolphin and shark biological classification.
14. Along. If some people (or animals) get along (also ‘get along well’), it means that they are friendly towards one another. The opposite situation is mentioned here.
15. At. To point at the fact means to indicate that this fact is true in this situation.
16. To. If you are vulnerable to something, it means you can be negatively affected by it. For instance, people with weak immune system are more vulnerable to diseases.