Answers and explanations
- B – excessive. We call excessive something that is present in a larger amount than needed or desirable. ‘Harmful’ doesn’t go well with salt; salt by itself is not harmful, but too much of it can be. ‘Higher’ is a comparative form, but no comparison is made. ‘Extreme’ could work if it went like ‘extreme levels of salt’.
- A – reason‘Purpose’ what something is done for. Both ‘consequence’ and ‘results’ mean the same thing, but the former is usually used negatively.
- D – landBasically, here we are looking for the word that is the opposite of the sea. ‘Soil’ usually has the meaning of the earth as a surface for growing something. ‘Ground’ is better used to be opposed to a word like ‘air’ in aviation. ‘Earth’ is either the planet or something similar to ‘soil’.
- C – contributing. Taking part in something, either positive or negative. Additionally, this is the only word of the four that collocates well with ‘factor’.
- A – properties A quality of a material or other thing that makes it useful for something. Note that the word ‘quality’ itself is more commonly used in relation to people. ‘Aspect’ is a part of something, like a situation or a problem. ‘Specialty’ is an area or a skill somebody is good at, e.g. ‘Cooking is my brother’s specialty’.
- D – principle ‘To go on something’ means to take part in it. ‘Coming to’ something would work as well, but we need to keep in mind that after the gap we have the preposition ‘on’. ‘Joining’ requires no preposition, e.g. ‘to join a safari’.
- A – slippery When something is slippery, it has no traction, so it is difficult to walk on it (if it is a surface) or to hold it (if it is an object). ‘Smooth’ is more about having an even surface that is not rough. ‘Risky’ does not collocate well with the word ‘road’. A route or a journey can be risky.
- D – higher Just like a price cannot be cheap or expensive, the word ‘speed’ should not be used with ‘fast’, ‘slow’ or ‘quick’.
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